The Hidden Danger of Missing Periods

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The Hidden Danger of Missing Periods

Click here to read in German/Hier geht es zur deutschen Version

 

The perfect end to Yvonne Van Vlerken’s triathlon career would have been in September 2020. After 20 years of winning national titles, completing 17 ironman triathlons in under nine hours and breaking world records, she announced to quit professional triathlon a year earlier, in 2019, to give herself time to recover from something she didn’t know was a problem: a missing menstrual cycle.

 

“I never got an injury and almost never went to the doctor,” Van Vlerken said. “But I didn’t have a menstrual cycle.”

 

And the consequences didn’t show until 2017. “There was no night I didn’t have hot flashes because the hormonal issues had gotten so bad. I was 39 and started getting menopause symptoms.”

 

Amenorrhea, which is the scientific term for a missing menstrual cycle, also seemed to interfere with her wish to get a child. “I wondered if I didn’t get my period, could I get a child? I realized that it couldn’t go on like this”, Van Vlerken said.

 

After visiting numerous doctors, many of her questions remained unanswered as her problems were put off as a result from her training for long-distance triathlon races. It wasn’t until she did research on her own that she realized her hormonal imbalances were not only due to large training volume. They were also because of her daily habit of doing fasted runs in the morning.

 

“Many coaches still recommend fasted runs, even though studies show that it is harmful to women,” Van Vlerken said. Referencing Dr. Stacy Sims, author of the book “ROAR”, she said that exercising in a fasted state puts the body under enormous stress. The body produces stress hormones by converting estrogen, testosterone and progesterone into cortisol.

“I started my own coaching program one and a half years ago,” said Van Vlerken. Fifty percent of the female athletes in her team were struggling with their menstrual cycle. “For some athletes, cutting out fasted training is the key to getting their cycle back.” 

But not only fasted training is detrimental to women’s health. “Once your body gets into a relative energy deficiency, the body’s reproduction system is shut down,” she said.

 

A low energy intake, combined with amenorrhea and a low bone mineral density, make up the female athlete triad–a disorder that often remains unrecognized.

“It makes me sad that many young women don’t get the support from doctors that they would need,” says Van Vlerken.

Too often, they are sent away with a prescription for birth control pills, which will bring back the period. But few doctors realize that they are only treating one aspect of the triad. While it is said that birth control pills help maintain the bone mineral density, studies show that artificial hormones are not as efficient as the natural hormones produced by the body. With a persisting relative energy deficiency and a poor bone health, the female athlete triad can have devastating consequences for female athletes.

 

Lea Sophie Keim, an elite triathlete for Team Erdinger Alkoholfrei, was sidelined for several months in 2019 when she was dealing with a femoral neck stress fracture. She said the exact causes for her bone injury are complex and shouldn’t be generalized as they range from low bone density to low estrogen levels to chronical undereating. “Nutrition plays a really important role,” Keim said. “I had amenorrhea and was undereating. I didn’t take in enough calories.”

 

The results of a blood test revealed that her hormones were at a similar level as in women in their menopause. When she got a bone density scan earlier this year, she was diagnosed with osteopenia, the pre-stage to osteoporosis. With most races being cancelled due to the COVID-19 outbreak, she took this as a chance to give her body time to heal. While stress fractures and osteopenia are a common consequence of the female athlete triad, there are side effects that should not be taken lightly.

 

“I had a chronically low body temperature,” says Yvonne Van Vlerken. “My resting heart rate was around 32 or 34 and I was proud of it because I took it as a sign for physical fitness. But it was actually a sign that my metabolism had slowed down to adapt to the low energy intake.”

It’s a similar story for Lea Keim. “I felt like I was going to freeze when I was swimming in the outdoor pool,” she said. “My heart rate was low and I thought I was in great shape. But my body was just in an energy-saving mode.”

Since her decision to take a break from professional triathlon to focus on her health, she says that swimming in the outdoor pool doesn’t make her feel like “turning into a cube of ice” anymore. An increase in energy intake and decrease in training volume and intensity brought back her menstrual cycle. The third factor in the female athlete triad, a low bone mineral density, will take more time to recover from. “I will take a slow and steady approach to build up my training,” Keim said. “I also check my bone density on a regular basis.”

 

In the recovery process from osteopenia, she exercises regularly and integrates movement into her every-day life, but she stopped doing high-intensity training. While swimming and cycling make up most of her training, she won’t return to running until her bone health is restored. “I also take two full rest days a week and do yoga,” she said.

Both Yvonne Van Vlerken and Lea Keim agree that more people need to talk about the female athlete triad and its consequences. “I’m still trying to find a way to educate more people on this,” said Keim.

“A missing menstrual cycle is a sign that something is not right,” said Van Vlerken. “And it is dangerous that doctors fail to see the connection of a relative energy deficiency and amenorrhea.”

The miscommunication of possible consequences leads to a large number of untreated cases that might even result in irrevocable conditions such as osteoporosis and premature menopause.

 

Looking back at 20 years of professional triathlon, Yvonne Van Vlerken said: “I was always very happy about my athletic achievements and I’m really grateful. But the question of how fast I could have been with the right medical support will remain unanswered.”

The Hidden Danger of Missing Menstural Cycles

Das perfekte Ende von Yvonne Van Vlerkens Triathlonkarriere wäre im September 2020 gewesen. Nach zwanzig Jahren erfolgreicher Karriere, gefüllt mit nationalen Meisterschaftstiteln, 17 Ironmans in unter neun Stunden und zwei Weltrekorden, verkündete sie in 2019 – ein Jahr früher – den Profi-Triathlonsport hinter sich zu lassen. Der Grund: ein fehlender Zyklus.

 

“Ich war nie verletzt und war nie beim Arzt“, sagt Van Vlerken. „Aber ich hatte nie einen Zyklus.“

 

Die Folgen zeigten sich allerdings erst in 2017. „Es gab keine Nacht, in der ich nicht Hitzewallungen hatte, weil die hormonellen Probleme so schlimm geworden sind. Ich war 39 und hatte Wechseljahrsbeschwerden.“

 

Sekundäre Amenorrhoe, der medizinische Begriff für das dauernde Ausbleiben des Zyklus, kommt bei Sportlerinnen häufiger vor als oft erwartet. Je nach Studie sind zwischen 5 und 25 Prozent von Sportlerinnen betroffen. Dass die Folgen jedoch weitreichender sind als gedacht, wissen nur wenige.

 

Für Yvonne Van Vlerken schien die Amenorrhoe auch ihrem Babywunsch in die Quere zu kommen. „Ich habe mich gefragt, wenn ich keine Periode bekomme, kann ich ein Kind bekommen? Daraufhin habe ich erkannt, dass es so nicht weitergehen kann.“ 

 

Nach mehreren Arztbesuchen blieben jedoch weiterhin viele ihrer Fragen unbeantwortet. Ihr ausbleibender Zyklus wurde mit dem Leistungssport begründet, der den Körper unter Stress setzt. Aber erst als sie selbst zu recherchieren begann, erkannte sie, dass die hormonellen Dysbalancen nicht nur mit ihrem hohen Trainingsumfang zusammenhingen, sondern auch mit ihrem regelmäßigen Nüchterntraining.

 

„Viele Coaches empfehlen immer noch Nüchterntraining, obwohl Studien zeigen, dass sie für Frauen gefährlich sind“, sagt Van Vlerken. Laut dem Buch “ROAR” von Dr. Stacy Sims, bedeutet Nüchterntraining enormen Stress für den Körper. Es werden Stresshormone produziert, wofür der Körper Östrogen, Testosteron und Progesteron in Kortisol umwandelt.

 

„Ich arbeite seit anderthalb Jahren als Triathloncoach“, sagt Van Vlerken. Fünfzig Prozent der Mädchen in ihrem Team hatten Probleme mit ihrem Zyklus. „Für manche Athleten reicht es jedoch, das Nüchterntraining wegzulassen, um den Zyklus zurückzubringen.“

 

Aber nicht nur Training mit nüchternem Magen schadet dem weiblichen Zyklus, sondern auch eine dauerhaft zu geringe Energiezufuhr. „Sobald der Körper in ein relatives Energiedefizit gerät, wird das Reproduktionssystem heruntergefahren“, sagt Van Vlerken.

 

Ein Energiedefizit, kombiniert mit Amenorrhoe und einer niedrigen Knochendichte sind die drei Hauptaspekte des „female athlete triad“, auf Deutsch die „Triade der sporttreibenden Frau“. Oft bleibt die Kombination dieser drei Faktoren jedoch unerkannt.

 

“Es macht mich traurig, dass so viele jungen Frauen nicht die Unterstützung bekommen, die sie brauchen“, sagt Van Vlerken. Oft werden sie mit einem Rezept für Antibabypillen weggeschickt, welche die Periode zurückbringen. Aber nur wenige Ärzte erkennen, dass sie damit nur einen Aspekt der Triade behandeln. Während gesagt wird, dass die Pille zwar die Knochendichte erhält, zeigen Studien, dass künstliche Hormone dabei nicht genauso effektiv sind wie die Körpereigenen. Wenn ein Energiedefizit über längere Zeit bestehen bleibt, kann dies gemeinsam mit einer geringen Knochendichte gefährliche Auswirkungen auf Sportlerinnen haben. 

 

Lea Sophie Keim, die als Triathletin für das Team Erdinger Alkoholfrei an den Start geht, war in 2019 für mehrere Monate wegen eines Ermüdungsbruchs im Oberschenkel außer Gefecht gesetzt. Die genauen Gründe für die Verletzung sind komplex und sollten nicht pauschalisiert werden, da sie sehr vielseitig sind. „Aber Ernährung spielt eine ganz große Rolle“, sagt Keim. „Ich hatte eine Amenorrhö und habe nicht genügend Kalorien zu mir genommen.“

 

Die Ergebnisse von einem Bluttest zeigten, dass ihre Hormone auf einem ähnlichen Level wie die einer Frau in den Wechseljahren waren. Als sie Anfang des Jahres eine Knochendichtemessung machen ließ, wurde bei ihr Osteopenie festgestellt, die Vorstufe zur Osteoporose. Deshalb beschloss sie, die ausgefallene Triathlonsaison 2020 zu nutzen, um ihrem Körper Zeit zu geben. Stressfrakturen und Osteopenie sind häufige Folgen der Triade der sporttreibenden Frau, wenn nicht vorher entgegengewirkt wird. Zusätzlich gibt es auch Begleiterscheinungen, die man ernst nehmen sollte.

 

„Ich hatte eine sehr niedrige Körpertemperatur“, sagt Yvonne Van Vlerken. „Meine Ruhepulsfrequenz lag bei 32 bis 34 Schlägen pro Minute und ich war stolz darauf, weil ich dachte, es wäre ein Zeichen körperlicher Fitness. Aber es war eigentlich ein Zeichen dafür, dass mein Stoffwechsel heruntergefahren war, um sich der niedrigen Energiezufuhr anzupassen.“

 

Lea Keim hatte ähnliche Erfahrungen. „Ich habe mich gefühlt, als würde ich gleich erfrieren, als ich im Freibad schwimmen war. Meine Herzfrequenz war niedrig und ich dachte, ich wäre gut in Form. Aber mein Körper war nur im Energiesparmodus.“

 

Seit ihrer Entscheidung, eine Pause vom Triathlonsport zu nehmen, um sich auf ihre Gesundheit zu konzentrieren, kann sie wieder im Freibad schwimmen, ohne sich fast „in einen Eisklotz zu verwandeln“. Eine erhöhte Energiezufuhr und weniger Intensität und Umfang im Training hat ihren Zyklus zurückgebracht. Der Aufbau der Knochendichte, der dritte Aspekt der Triade, wird mehr Zeit in Anspruch nehmen. „Ich werde einen langfristigen und grundlegenden Trainingsaufbau machen und erst 2021 die ersten Wettkämpfe machen“, sagt Keim.

 

Während sie ihre Knochendichte aufbaut, trainiert sie zwar regelmäßig und integriert leichte Bewegung in ihren Alltag, aber sie hat aufgehört, intensiv zu trainieren. Schwimmen und Radfahren machen den Großteil ihres Trainings aus, mit dem Laufen möchte Keim aber erst wieder anfangen, wenn die Osteopenie ausgeschlossen ist. „Ich mache außerdem zwei volle Ruhetage pro Woche und Yoga“, ergänzt Keim. 

 

Sowohl Yvonne Van Vlerken und Lea Keim setzen sich dafür ein, Leute über das Thema aufzuklären. Vor allem im deutschsprachigen Raum wird wenig darüber gesprochen und sogar tabuisiert. Yvonne Van Vlerkens Artikel über Tabuthemen im Triathlon Magazin war der am meisten gelesene in 2019.

 

„Ein fehlender Zyklus ist ein Zeichen, dass etwas nicht stimmt“, sagt Van Vlerken. „Und es ist gefährlich, dass viele Frauenärzte die Zusammenhänge mit einem Energiedefizit nicht erkennen.“

 

Durch Fehlkommunikation von möglichen Folgen einer Amenorrhoe werden viele Frauen nicht so behandelt, wie es nötig wäre. Dies kann sogar zu irreversiblen Schäden führen, wie zum Beispiel Osteoporose oder zu frühe Wechseljahrsbeschwerden.

 

Wenn Yvonne Van Vlerken auf ihre 20 Jahre im Triathlonsport zurückschaut, sagt sie: „Ich war immer sehr zufrieden mit meiner Karriere und ich bin wirklich dankbar. Aber es bleibt die Frage, wie gut wäre ich gewesen, wenn ich die richtige Unterstützung von Ärzten gehabt hätte?“

 

 

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About The Author

I did my first triathlon on a pink kid’s bike with training wheels at six years old. That’s where my love for the sport was born, but it took another decade until I figured out that I wanted to combine my passions for sports and writing. 

 
Beyond Limits

Everything Endurance Sports. 

Disclaimer

All resources and information shared on this website are only for informational purposes and aren’t intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition or disease.

Copyright © 2022

Are you running too fast?

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Are you running too fast?

Running too fast on easy runs - the most common mistake runners make

I’ve done it too many times.

 

I laced up my running shoes, and headed out the door with my coaches’ words in mind: “Heart rate should stay in zone 2.” But with the beep of my watch and a few steps into the run, they vanished into oblivion.

 

This was going to be a good run. Each time I checked my pace, I was surprised I was running well below 7:30min/miles because it felt so effortless. But each time I checked my heart rate, I would watch it climbing from zone 2 into zone 3 into zone 4 as I kept going, reminding me my coaches’ words.

 

Did it make me slow down? Not really. 

Because it was much more fun to run fast. Because running slow just doesn’t feel like running. Because slowing down doesn’t get me into the flow state that I love about running.

Regret doesn’t settle in until a day later when I would take out my flats for a tempo session. As I lined up for the 1,000m repeats, my legs were heavy before even starting to run and the last 200m of each repeat felt like lactate was killing my quads. No matter how hard I ran, I wasn’t able to meet the times I was supposed to.

 

Long story short, it took me a while to understand that running too fast for easy runs doesn’t make me faster in the long run. And scrolling through Strava is proof enough that I am not the only runner who struggles to slow down. Keep reading to find out why this is a bigger problem than you think!

The most common mistake is running too hard on recovery days

Matt Fitzgerald, author of 80/20 Running, says that most runners make the mistake of running too fast for their easy runs. While 80% of your weekly training should be done at low intensity, he suggests that only 20% are supposed to be at moderate or high intensity. So, if you’re running five times a week, your heart rate should stay in zone 2 in four of these runs. The fifth run could be a tempo run or hard workout.1

This is why running too fast for easy runs will make you race slower

It’s a common misconception that only running fast will make you faster in races. In fact, it is the other way around.

High quality tempo workouts will give you the speed you need to race fast. But easy long runs will give you the fitness to keep up that pace for a longer time.

Now running too fast on recovery days will do two things. First, it will cost you too much energy which you could otherwise have used for a speed workout on the track. This means that your workout will lose quality as it will be much harder to meet the times you wanted to run. Secondly, running too fast for easy runs, with your heart rate above 80% of your maximum heart rate, might get you into the anaerobic zone rather than the aerobic zone. In this case, your body is producing more lactate than the body can break down and your legs will feel sore and heavy after or at the end of your run.2

 

Experts recommend a polarized approach to training, which means that you will either train in the aerobic zone (low intensity) or in the anaerobic (high intensity).1 Moderate intensity runs should be only a small part of your training, as it puts you right in the mid zone which trains neither your aerobic fitness nor anaerobic.

Low-intensity training is the foundation for speed work

Some people say that easy miles are “empty” miles that put you at higher risk for injury. This is only true to some extent.

If you are someone who likes to stick to running and avoids cross-training by all means, you need those easy runs to build up your basic fitness. Triathletes or someone who enjoys other endurance sports might consider recovery runs as useless as they can do their low-intensity training in the pool or on the bike. Any low-intensity activity will help build an aerobic base — your “fitness”.

To make sure that you are staying in the aerobic state, wear a heart rate monitor and aim for 60–75% of your maximum heart rate.3

The best runners of the world run easy on recovery days

When British missionaries built schools in rural Kenya, they did not know they were turning Kenya into the fastest nation of the world. Most students had to run to class every single day, which was essentially a low-intensity running program. Up until today, many elite runners from Kenya are known for running more than 80% of their training volume at an easy pace.1

 

It’s a similar story for most elite running teams in the US. Elite marathoners of the Mammoth Track Club even run 85–90% of their weekly mileage at an easy pace, says head coach Andrew Kastor.4

We get stronger on recovery days

Mozart once said that the breaks in between tones make the music. Just like that, we need recovery and rest days to bring harmony and balance into our training. So even if you’re feeling like you could run the race of your life when your training schedule says “4 miles easy”, you should stick to it. Remember, running your easy runs easy will shave off those 5 seconds you need for a new PR. 

References

1 Fitzgerald, Matt. 80/20 Running: Run Stronger and Race Faster by Training Slower. Penguin Books, 2015.

2 Jeff, Coach. “Want to Run Your Best? Understand Aerobic vs. Anaerobic.” Runners Connect, 1 June 2020, runnersconnect.net/aerobic-vs-anaerobic-training/.

3 Russell, Sarah. “Are You Sabotaging Your Long Run Running the Wrong Pace?” Runners Connect, 9 May 2016, runnersconnect.net/wrong-long-run-pace/.

4 “How Running Slower Makes You Faster.” On, www.on-running.com/en-de/articles/how-running-slower-makes-you-faster-marathon-training-tips.

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About The Author

I did my first triathlon on a pink kid’s bike with training wheels at six years old. That’s where my love for the sport was born, but it took another decade until I figured out that I wanted to combine my passions for sports and writing. 

 
Beyond Limits

Everything Endurance Sports. 

Disclaimer

All resources and information shared on this website are only for informational purposes and aren’t intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition or disease.

Copyright © 2022

10 Foam Rolling Secrets Everyone Should Know About

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10 Foam Rolling Secrets Everyone Should Know About

In the corner of my living room, there’s a container filled with foam rollers of all shapes and sizes. Cylinders, balls, mini balls, double balls, mini rollers. I sometimes make a detour around that corner of my apartment because I feel guilty for not using them as often as I should. But since doing research for this article, I’ve stopped avoiding foam rollers. Keep reading if you want to know why and if you want to learn how to use foam rollers the right way.

 

1. Always roll in only one direction/towards the core

Most people think that foam rolling is supposed to be a back-and-forth movement. Experts, however, recommend foam rolling in only one direction. There are two reasons for this.

 

Venous valves, which control blood flow, open up towards the glutes instead of the lower leg. That’s why it is detrimental to the venous valves if you’re rolling in the wrong direction. In the long run, this can even lead to varicose veins. However, when you’re only rolling towards the heart, your connective tissue loosens up and reduces stiffness.1

 

Fascia contains water which is expelled under compression. That’s why foam rolling has positive effects on muscles stiffness and flexibility.2 You will achieve the greatest effects when rolling towards the core instead of back and forth.

2. Pre-rolling improves sprint performance

If you’re a sprinter, you might want to consider foam rolling prior to exercise because it improves flexibility and therefore your sprint performance. Studies also suggest that the fact that athletes perceive less pain after foam rolling makes them run faster.3

3. Post-rolling improves recovery, speed, and strength performance

You’ve probably heard it before, but if you foam roll after intense exercise, your body needs less time to recover.3 And the faster you recover, the more time you have to get in quality training, which means that you’ll also get faster easier.

4. Foam Rolling breaks down trigger points

Trigger points are “muscle knots” of about 2-10mm in the myofascia. They are palpable and when compressed, they can elicit local twitch responses or jump signs.4 Trigger points can be one reason for unexplained aches and pains. Foam rolling can break those trigger points and therefore saves you from muscle pain (and possibly from a few visits to the physio).5 When you find a sore spot while you are foam rolling, pause and hold for 20 to 30 seconds. Expect it to be painful, but it’s worth it!

5. Feedback on recovery status

If you foam roll on a regular basis, you can use the feedback you get through muscle pain to evaluate the workout’s effect on your body. Normally, your legs will be very sore after running intervals, so foam rolling will be more painful than after an easy run. This feedback can also be a great way to find out if you have recovered well after a hard workout or race and determine when you can schedule the next tempo run.

6. Treatment of injuries

Foam rolling increases blood flow in sore muscles and increases circulation.2 Depending on what kind of injury you have, be careful not to roll exactly on the spot that is hurting. For example, if you’re dealing with Achilles tendonitis, you should roll your calves and the sole of the foot as they are often related to the pain in your tendon. Make sure to talk to your doctor or physio to find out which areas you can foam roll and which to stay away from.

7. Do not roll your IT band

The IT band is not a muscle. If you are dealing with iliotibial band issues, the pain might be caused by muscular imbalances in other areas. So even if your IT band is hurting, you’re not treating the real problem by foam rolling it. Matthias Scheible, expert in physio therapy and osteopathy, recommends foam rolling the surrounding muscles instead. This includes the glutes, quads, and the hamstrings.

8. Do not roll with excessive force

Before you go all in with foam rolling, put only little pressure on your muscles at first. If the pain lessens right away, you’re good to go. If it takes more than 10 to 15 seconds to disappear, Matthias Scheible recommends to stop foam rolling as the pain might be caused by something else than sore muscles. In this case, foam rolling can even be detrimental to your muscles or the surrounding tissue.

9. Diversify your foam rolling

There are a lot more kinds of foam rollers out there than the cylinder. Generally speaking, the smaller the foam roller, the more punctual the compression on the muscle.

 

Here’s what to do with which foam roller:
Ball: This is your tool to break down trigger points even more efficiently. Roll your calves, foot, or shoulders.
Cylindric foam roller: This one’s best for rolling your hamstrings, quads, or latissimus.
Mini foam rollers: Because of their small size, these foam rollers are great for traveling. They work best for your calves and feet.
Double balls: There’s a gap between the two balls so that you can roll the areas alongside your spine.

10. Your foam roller is also a good training tool

Did you know that your foam roller is more than a recovery tool? You could also use it to mix up your strength training routine! 

We all respond to foam rolling differently but research shows that it has both preventive and regenerative effects on muscle soreness after exercise.5 If you want to improve your flexibility, speed, and recovery time, you should add foam rolling to your recovery routine, but treat it like an addition to stretching and strength exercises, not a replacement.

 

References

1 “Faszienrolle: Verursacht Sie Krampfadern Oder Was Kann Sie Wirklich?” Health Tv, 2019, www.healthtv.de/mediathek/666/Faszienrolle_Verursacht_sie_Krampfadern_oder_was_kann_sie_wirklich.html.

2 Laffaye, Guillaume, et al. “Self-Myofascial Release Effect With Foam Rolling on Recovery After High-Intensity Interval Training.” Frontiers in Physiology, vol. 10, 2019, doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01287.

3 Wiewelhove, Thimo, et al. “A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Foam Rolling on Performance and Recovery.” Frontiers in Physiology, vol. 10, 2019, doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00376.

4 Paul Ingraham, updated Jun 25. “The Complete Guide to Trigger Points & Myofascial Pain (2020).” Www.PainScience.com, 2020, www.painscience.com/tutorials/trigger-points.php.

5 Fleckenstein, Johannes, et al. “Preventive and Regenerative Foam Rolling Are Equally    Effective in Reducing Fatigue-Related Impairments of Muscle Function Following Exercise.” Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, Uludag University, 1 Dec. 2017, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29238246.

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About The Author

I did my first triathlon on a pink kid’s bike with training wheels at six years old. That’s where my love for the sport was born, but it took another decade until I figured out that I wanted to combine my passions for sports and writing. 

 
Beyond Limits

Everything Endurance Sports. 

Disclaimer

All resources and information shared on this website are only for informational purposes and aren’t intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition or disease.

Copyright © 2022

5 Mental Strategies for Dealing with Injuries

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5 Mental Strategies for Dealing with Injuries

How to Change Your Mindset on Injuries

Before summer 2019 came around, I had never taken a break from running for more than two or three weeks due to injury or sickness. One year later, I’ve had a fair share of injuries ranging from an ankle sprain to Achilles tendonitis to stress fracture. In that year, my running shoes stayed in the closet more days than they were taken out.

 

And of course, there was a lot of doubt, fear, and yes, even tears. Because when you’re standing at the beginning of a road, you often can’t see the end of it. When will the injury be healed? Will I lose all my fitness in recovery? When will I be able to race again?

 

In the end, injuries are just part of sports although we do our best to avoid them or sometimes even to ignore them. But they want our attention and they want to be learned from.

 

Here are the best strategies that helped me change the way I think about injuries. 

Remind yourself of all the good things in your life. Be grateful.

You’ve heard it a hundred times. Maybe you’re annoyed of hearing it another time. If the latter is true, you should ask yourself if you’ve really been listening then. You’ve probably skipped this question before, but if you really want to change your mindset about injuries, you have to answer this for yourself: What am I grateful for?

 

There is so much to be thankful for. If you can’t come up with something personal yet, think about the people you’re close to, the fact that you have a safe place to sleep, and plenty of food to keep you healthy. Once you have found an answer that feels good, hold on to the feeling of gratitude.

 

Injuries are here to point out what you’ve been neglecting.

Problems, injuries, and diseases have one thing in common: They make us look at things we haven’t given enough attention to. The stress reaction might point out that you have been training too much for too long. The fatigue that constantly has your company might be a sign that you’ve been ignoring you sleeping needs. The tight calves might want to tell you that they need better recovery treatment.

 

It sounds weird, but be grateful for the injury because it points out mistakes of the past and it shows you the way to go in the future. Listen to your body and give yourself what you need!

The analogy of the prisoner.

Imagine you were wrongly convicted of a crime you had nothing to do with. You’re facing ten years of prison. How would you deal with that?

 

I think there are two ways to look at the situation. You could give up on hope and let your fate break you. Or you could take this as a chance. You could use this time to learn about yourself, to meditate, to read books, to write, to talk to other prisoners.

 

Now of course dealing with an injury is not as hard as dealing with ten years of prison. But no matter how bad or not-so-bad a situation is, you can always make the best of it and treat it like an opportunity.

Take running as a metaphor.

You’ve just passed the midpoint of your first half-marathon. You’re tired, your legs are heavy. You want to quit. But you don’t. Because you know how good it feels when you’re finally crossing the finish line. How good the food tastes after running for so long. Or when your friends and family cover you in hugs and congratulations.

 

 

Obviously, you can’t quit an injury like you can quit a race. But just like a race, an injury is a challenge. And no matter the size or shape of a challenge, once you’ve overcome it you’re stronger.

Find other things to occupy your mind with.

It’s a strategy you’ll probably read about in any guide about dealing with injuries. But it’s still a good one.

 

When you’re forced to take a break from running, you’ll have more or less time over that is looking for a new occupation! Why not take it as a chance to try something new?

 

Even if you have to spend a lot of time at home or even in the bed, there’s still plenty to explore. I guess we’ve all become experts in this since Covid-19, but from documentaries to books to online classes, the Internet has a lot more to offer than social media and Netflix.

 

If you’re allowed to do other sports, you could engage in cross-training such as swimming, cycling, and weight lifting. If that’s not for you, think about these options: aqua jogging, bouldering, kayaking, and the elliptical are just waiting to be discovered by you!

 

While I was recovering from the stress fracture, which required me to walk on crutches for two months, I kept reminding myself of these five things every single day. And you know what? The two months actually flew by like two weeks. Just remember to be nice to yourself, give your body all the time it needs to heal, and be patient! 

 

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About The Author

I did my debut triathlon on a pink kid’s bike with training wheels at 6 years old. That’s where my love for the sport was born, but it would take another decade until I figured out that I wanted to combine my passions for sports and writing. 

 

Book Reviews

Disclaimer

All resources and information shared on this website are only for informational purposes and aren’t intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition or disease.

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Aqua Jogging: How and Why to Run in the Pool

Beyond Limits
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Aqua Jogging: How and Why to Run in the Pool

There are many synonyms for aqua jogging: water running, pool running, or deep water running. But no matter what word is used, some people are still hesitant to jump in the pool for an aqua jogging workout. So keep reading if that’s you 🙂 

Why you should give aqua jogging a try (even if you’re not injured!)

When you start out with pool running, you might feel like you’re the only person in the pool that’s less than sixty years old. But don’t let yourself fool by that! Aqua jogging is not only an awesome way to maintain your fitness while being injured, but it’s also a great alternative for land running. Here are some more reasons to try it:

 

  1. Injury: Aquajogging is considered safe for almost any kind of injury since it is a non-weight-bearing activity.
  2. Cross Training: Next to cycling and swimming, aqua jogging is a great way to mix up your training.
  3. Recovery: The day after a hard workout, just jump in the pool for an easy water run!
  4. Improvement of Running Form: As you have to work against the water, your muscles get used to more resistance. When you get back to running on land, you’ll notice that it feels much easier

How elite runners use aqua jogging

Thanks to aqua jogging, some professional runners have come back stronger than ever after a period of injury.

  • Tina Muir qualified for the National Championships after a month long break from running and only six weeks of land running at drastically reduced mileage.
  • US-marathoner Meb Keflezighi used aqua jogging as cross-training once or twice a week.
  • Deena Kastor, who holds American records on several distances, won the 2005 Chicago marathon after training on an underwater treadmill for more than a month.
  • Dieter Baumann won Olympic Gold at the 5k race in Barcelona after completing most of his workouts in the pool because of Achilles tendonitis. (Click here to see an epic sprint finish!) 

How to start pool running

If you don’t have access to an aqua jogging belt or vest, you can certainly go without. However, it takes away from running specificity, as you have to kick more downwards so that you stay afloat. So if you’ll spend a lot of time in the pool, I’d recommend you buy a floatation belt (especially if you’re an insecure swimmer). That way, you can fully concentrate on implementing the right form. Make sure you’re in the deep end of the pool where your feet can’t reach the floor.

 

As a complete beginner, start out with 20 or 25 minutes for about a week so that your body can get used to running against water resistance. Make sure that your breath is regular and you’re not holding it unconsciously. You might also feel some soreness in the hip flexor at first because it’s working harder as your pushing against the water. You also shouldn’t worry about the intensity or your heartrate at first. It’s much more important that you get used to the correct form so that you get the most out of your aquajogging workouts. If you like swimming, you could alternate between pool running and swimming in intervals of ten or twenty minutes. That way, you’ll get a longer workout in.

 

Once your body is accustomed to the movement, you can start increasing the duration and intensity of the workout. If you’re using a heart rate monitor, keep in mind that your heart rate will be about ten percent lower than on land.

The right form

When an injury is keeping you from running on land, aqua jogging is the closest you can get to running without the pounding. That also means that the right form is as important in the pool as it is on land. 

 

  1. Imitate your running form: To get the maximum out of aqua jogging, try to imitate your running form as best as possible.
  2. Don’t lean forward: Make sure you’re not leaning forward too much without noticing. Just imagine there’s a cup of water on the top of your head that should not fall down.
  3. High knees: Get your knees up as if you were running up stairs. 
  4. Midfoot strike: From the high-knees-position, imagine making a midfoot strike so that your foot lands on imaginary ground right under your hips. 
  5. Hip extension: Push your leg backward. The most common mistake when aqua jogging is a short hip extension. As this is the most important part of your running form, don’t forget about that! 
  6. Forget about pace and distance: The slower you go, the more efficient you are. 
  7. Increase your cadence: If you want your workout to be more intense, increase your cadence rather than the speed at which you’re moving in the water. 

Aqua Jogging Workouts

If you’ve already tried pool running, you might know what I’m talking about: Each time you take a look at your watch, only one or two minutes have passed, while you could have sworn it felt like five minutes. Pool running can be boring, but there are definitely ways to make it more exciting.

 

  1. Bring a friend: Social aqua jogging definitely makes an equally good workout as going on a run with friends.
  2. Listen to music: My personal favorite is listening to music because it also makes it easier to find into the right intensity. Moving your legs fast in the water gets a lot easier when you’re listening to equally fast music. Check out this post, if you need aqua jogging workouts with music.
  3. Listen to an audiobook or podcast: For long (water) runs, this is a great alternative to music. Just tune in to an interesting podcast or audiobook and 90 minutes will pass like nothing!
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About The Author

I did my debut triathlon on a pink kid’s bike with training wheels at 6 years old. That’s where my love for the sport was born, but it would take another decade until I figured out that I wanted to combine my passions for sports and writing. 

 

Book Reviews

Disclaimer

All resources and information shared on this website are only for informational purposes and aren’t intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition or disease.

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Copyright © 2021 ASK Project

How Barefoot Running Makes You A Better Runner

Beyond Limits
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How Barefoot Running Makes You a Better Runner

A Short Guide to Barefoot Running Shoes

Barefoot running has the potential to make you a better runner – that idea is around at least since the book Born to Run by Christopher McDougall was published. Although many people write barefoot running off as a short-lived trend, there are a number of benefits you should know about. In this interview with the barefoot running expert Ralf Kusterer, who is also a passionate trail runner, you’ll find out how to make your training more effective and how to get started.

 

How can runners benefit from adding barefoot runs into their training schedule?

Running barefoot is the most natural way of running. In barefoot running shoes, your body will automatically adapt its natural running form. In the long run, this can prevent injuries. If you’re just starting out, it is essential to increase your barefoot running mileage very slowly because going too fast and too far in the beginning might have contrary effects. However, if you give your body enough time to adapt to your new training tool, it will make you more injury-resistant.

 

On the other hand, you also shouldn’t get rid of your running shoes. While conventional running shoes provide arch support and come with cushioning, they also cover up muscular weaknesses. Barefoot running shoes, however, can help us work on these weaknesses. While you can certainly run without any barefoot shoes and get the same results, they protect your feet from cuts and infections.

What’s the greatest difference between conventional and barefoot running shoes?

Barefoot running shoes are zero-drop shoes because there is no height difference between heel and forefoot. The extreme flexibility of the sole allows your feet to move naturally, which means that your foot muscles and Achilles tendons have to do the work that normally the shoe would do for you. Another difference is that in barefoot shoes, you can feel the ground you’re running on. These sensory stimuli are lost when you’re wearing conventional shoes.

Which barefoot running shoes are best for me?

When deciding which barefoot shoe to buy, you should first consider if you want a shoe with separate spaces for each toe like the Vibram FiveFingers or a minimalist shoe with a single toe box. The Vibram FiveFingers fully incorporate the concept of barefoot running as every toe gets to move actively and adapts to the ground. For people who don’t like the extra fabric in between the toes, minimalist shoes like the New Balance Minimus Trail 10v1 are a good alternative.

What about foot deformities like hallux valgus or splayfoot?

Barefoot shoes, especially those with separate toe boxes, are the perfect training and therapy device to treat hallux valgus or splayfoot. Each toe is in its natural position and is forced to move actively, which means that the extensors and flexors of the toes are strengthened. In a normal shoe, the toes stay passive and a high heel drop increases the pressure on the forefoot.

Are there any health risks with barefoot running?

Increasing your barefoot running mileage or pace too quickly leads to too much stress in your feet and lower legs. That’s why it is important to build up mileage very slowly, so that the body has enough time to adapt. Ambitious runners are often more at risk of running too fast and too far in barefoot shoes. While their well-trained cardiovascular system isn’t impacted by the change of running shoes, this is different when it comes to tendons, ligaments, and joints. These do not only have to buffer the pounding now that there’s no artificial cushioning, but also need more time to adapt to new stresses and strains.

How should runners increase their barefoot running mileage?

No matter if you’re a beginner or an experienced runner – when you’re running barefoot, you should focus on your form and start at a slow pace. Here’s my short guide to barefoot running:

 

  • Level 1: Start with wearing your barefoot shoes in everyday life for about an hour a day, alternating between walking, sitting, and standing. Your feet have to get used to the absence of the cushioning and support of normal shoes.
  • Level 2: After three or four days, you can start going for short walks. Those should not be longer than an hour.
  • Level 3: Once your muscles don’t get sore anymore, you can extend your walks to up to two hours.
  • Level 4: Only when you don’t feel any soreness after longer walks, you can start running in barefoot shoes. Run and walk in intervals of two minutes. While the intervals should have the same length in the beginning, you can extend the running intervals until you can run at an easy pace for an hour.
  • Level 5: When you’re able to run consecutively, start increasing the pace.

 

As soon as you notice your running from change from a midfoot strike to a heel strike, take this as a sign that your body is not yet strong enough to sustain barefoot running for a longer period of time. In this case, you should switch back to walking or shorten your run. Always keep an eye on your running form and use it as a way to determine the length of your intervals.

What else should I know about barefoot running?

Although barefoot running can have tremendous benefits, it’s not the answer to everything. Barefoot shoes are training devices that help you work on specific problems, while conventional running shoes protect and support. Our body is a creature of habit. If the body receives the same stimuli again and again, it will adapt but it won’t evolve and improve. By switching your running shoes, your body is exposed to different stimuli which makes your training more effective.

 

There are four parameters to consider when choosing the right trainers for your run: distance, pace, terrain, and level of muscle fatigue.

  1. Distance: The longer you run, the more cushioning you need.
  2. Pace: The faster you run, the lower the heel drop should be because the ground contact time is shorter.
  3. Terrain: When running on trails, choose a shoe with profiled soles.
  4. Muscle fatigue: If you feel recovered, barefoot shoes are a good choice. The day after hard workouts, rather choose well-cushioned shoes to avoid overstressing your feet.

Are there any additional exercises I should do?

Especially when you are increasing your barefoot running mileage, you should do follow-up exercises. Those include stretching, strengthening, and massaging with a foam roller.

 

For stretching, position yourself on a stair standing on your forefoot. Then lower your heel to stretch your calves. Slightly push your knees forward to stretch your Achilles tendon.

 

The strengthening exercise for your calf muscles starts in the same position as the stretching exercise above. Slowly lower your heels and then push upwards. Repeat this about ten times and add one more repeat each time you’re doing the exercise.

 

Foam rollers are a great tool to loosen up your calf muscles. Use a mini roller to massage the bottom of your foot, starting at your heel and going up to your toes. Additionally, you should treat your calf muscles with a large roller to get rid of the tension.

What’s the bottom line?

Barefoot running shoes are a great training tool that you should use to diversify your running, make your training more effective, and to prevent injuries in the long-term.

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About The Author

I did my debut triathlon on a pink kid’s bike with training wheels at 6 years old. That’s where my love for the sport was born, but it would take another decade until I figured out that I wanted to combine my passions for sports and writing. 

 

Book Reviews

Disclaimer

All resources and information shared on this website are only for informational purposes and aren’t intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition or disease.

Menu

Copyright © 2021 ASK Project